Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1
Doctoral student of Economic Development and Planning, Faculty of Economics and Entrepreneurship, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
2
Associate Professor, Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Entrepreneurship, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran (corresponding author).
3
Associate Professor, Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Entrepreneurship, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
4
Associate Professor, Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Entrepreneurship, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran .
10.22111/innoeco.2025.50284.1150
Abstract
The capacity of the economy to create technology and innovation depends on the general state of the economy and the institutional variables of that country. As a result, it is very important to include institutions in economic analysis and to know how they influence, interact, and influence factors on their quality. In general, the relations between institutions facilitate the flow of knowledge from the idea to the production of a product or service and cause innovation in different economic sectors. For this purpose, this research will try to investigate the effect of the most important variables and institutional prerequisites on the index of the national innovation system in selected developed and developing countries using the spatial panel model (sar, sdm). The main goals of this research are to help understand the position of the national innovation system of developing countries compared to developed countries. The dependent variable of this article is the global innovation index and the institutional explanatory variable of this research is the governance index, the intellectual property rights index, the business environment index, the global competitiveness index and the non-institutional variable of foreign direct investment. The results of this research showed that in the spatial gap model, the coefficient of the spatial gap factor of the global innovation index is positive and significant for each group of developed and developing countries, which indicates the existence of a positive spatial correlation between the innovation index in both groups of OECD countries and selected MENA countries. Therefore, increasing the innovative activities of a country has a positive effect on the innovative activities of its neighboring countries in both groups of countries under study. In other words, there are two-way spatial spillover effects.
Keywords
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